Search for: [Abstrakt = "Traditionally, the history of probability theory is dated for the year 1654, when a gambler de Méré proposed to Pascal two problems to solve. The problems were solved independently by B. Pascal and P. Fermat. One rather ignores that similar problems had been discussed and solved two hundred years earlier by Italian mathematicians. The article presents a sketch of the history of pre\-Pascalian period of development of the doctrine of chances"]

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